Geopolitical tensions and export controls imposed by China, the world’s largest producer, continue to shape the volatile market.
Joint venture aims to further diversify the global value chain.
The Central Asian country plans to invest in geological exploration over the next three years at a level equal to what it spent in the past 15 years combined.
Although overall exports rose throughout 2025, a closer look at the monthly data reveals pronounced volatility.
Under the original plan, rare earths, zircon, and titanium were to be sold to the Chinese company Shenghe Resources.
The government intends to secure rights to domestically produced minerals. Partner countries are also to benefit.