Beijing’s export restrictions continue to shape trade flows for the two heavy rare earth elements.
China’s dysprosium exports declined in May after the strong rebound seen a month earlier. According to customs data, 8,483 kilograms were exported, down from 11,046 kilograms in April. South Korea remained by far the largest destination, receiving 8,463 kilograms, while small quantities were shipped to Slovenia and Singapore.
Export of dysprosium since March 2025
Terbium exports also eased further. A total of 400 kilograms left the country in May, compared to 500 kilograms in April. South Korea imported 350 kilograms, with the remaining material destined for Hungary, Slovenia, and Singapore.
Exports of terbium over the last twelve months
Compared with May 2025, exports of both heavy rare earths increased from zero. China had introduced export controls on dysprosium and terbium in early April 2025, effectively halting overseas shipments for the remainder of that month and into May while the new licensing regime was implemented. Despite the recent resumption of exports, shipments of dysprosium and, especially, terbium remain far below historical levels.
Both dysprosium and terbium are essential heavy rare earth elements that enhance the heat resistance and performance of high-performance permanent magnets, making them critical for electric vehicles, wind turbines, and defense applications.
Photo: TRADIUM GmbH
